Horudhac Ku Xidhayaasha-2

4. Sawirka Qaybaha Bolt

5. Aqoonsiga Bolt

6. Calaamadaynta, darajooyinka waxqabadka, iwm.

1. Calaamadaynta: Boolasha iyo biraha laba geesoodka ah (dhexroorka dunta>5mm), waa in lagu calaamadeeyaa dusha sare ee madaxa iyadoo la isticmaalayo xarfo kor u kacay ama dib loo dhigay, ama dhinaca madaxa iyadoo la isticmaalayo xarfo go'an. Tan waxaa ku jira buundooyinka waxqabadka iyo calaamadaha soo saaraha. Loogu talagalay birta kaarboon: Koodhka calaamadaynta darajada xoogga ahi waxa uu ka kooban yahay laba qaybood oo tirooyin ah oo ay kala soocaan "·". Macnaha qaybta lambarka ee ka horeysa "·" ee ku jirta koodka calaamadaynta ayaa tilmaamaysa xoogga jilicsanaanta magaca ah. Tusaale ahaan, "4" ee darajada 4.8 waxay muujinaysaa xoogga jilicsanaanta magaca ah ee 400N/mm2, ama 1/100 taas. Macnaha qaybta lambarka ka dib "·" ee koodka calaamadaynta ayaa tilmaamaysa saamiga wax-soo-saarka-jilicsanaanta, taas oo ah saamiga dhibicda dhalidda magac-u-yaalka ama awoodda wax-soo-saarka magac-u-yaalka ah ee xoogga jilicsanaanta magaca ah. Tusaale ahaan, dhibicda wax-soo-saarka ee sheyga 4.8 waa 320N/mm2. Astaamaha darajada xoogga alaabta birta ah ee birta ah waxay ka kooban tahay laba qaybood oo ay kala soocaan "-". Astaanta ka horraysa “-” ee ku jirta koodhka calaamadaynta waxay tusinaysaa walxaha, sida A2, A4, iwm.

2). Fasalka: Birta kaarboonka, darajooyinka waxqabadka farsamada ee metric bolt waxa loo qaybin karaa 10 fasal oo waxqabad: 3.6, 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 5.8, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9, and 12.9. Birta aan-dhalin waxay u qaybsantaa saddex qaybood: 60, 70, 80 (austenitic); 50, 70, 80, 110 (martensitic); 45, 60 (ferritic).

7. Daaweynta Dusha sare

Daaweynta dusha sare ayaa inta badan ah in la kordhiyo caabbinta daxalka, qaarna sidoo kale waxay tixgeliyaan midabka, sidaas darteed waxay inta badan u tahay alaabada birta kaarboon, oo guud ahaan u baahan daaweyn dusha sare ah. Daaweynta dusha caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah madow, galvanizing, dhejinta naxaasta, dhejinta nikkel, dhejinta chrome, dhejinta qalinka, dhejinta dahabka, dacromet, galvanizing kulul, iwm.; waxaa jira noocyo badan oo galvanizing ah, sida zinc buluug iyo caddaan, zinc buluug, zinc cad, zinc jaalaha ah, zinc madow, zinc cagaaran, iwm, waxaana sidoo kale loo kala saaraa noocyo deegaanka u wanaagsan iyo kuwa aan deegaanka u wanaagsanayn. Qayb kastaa waxay leedahay dhumucyo badan oo daahan si ay u buuxiso shuruudaha tijaabada milixda ee kala duwan.

Dulmar guud ee Alaabooyinka Heerka Baabuurta

1). Dulmarka Qaybaha Heerka Baabuurta

Qaybaha caadiga ah ee baabuurta ayaa leh noocyo kala duwan oo kala duwan waxaana loo isticmaalaa wax soo saarka gaarka ah ee qaybaha kala duwan iyo qaybaha baabuurta, iyo sidoo kale isku xirka iyo isku xirka nidaamyada hoose ee kala duwan si loo sameeyo gaariga oo dhan. Tayada qaybaha caadiga ah waxay saameyn muhiim ah ku leedahay tayada guud iyo waxqabadka qalabka farsamada, iyo soosaarayaasha baabuurta sida caadiga ah waxay leeyihiin hababka dib u eegista adag iyo heerarka shahaado ee hababka sahayda xiraha. Baaxadda suuqa weyn ee warshadaha gawaarida waxay siisaa meel ballaaran oo horumarineed oo loogu talagalay alaabada qaybaha caadiga ah ee baabuurta. Marka loo eego tirakoobyada, baabuurka fudud ama rakaabku wuxuu u baahan yahay qiyaastii 50kg (qiyaastii 5,000 xabo) oo qaybo caadi ah, halka gaadhi ganacsi oo dhexdhexaad ah ama culus uu u baahan yahay qiyaastii 90kg (qiyaastii 5,710 xabbo).

2). Tirinta Qaybaha Heerka Baabuurta

Mid kasta oo soo saara mishiinnada muhiimka ah ee warshadaha baabuurta waxay adeegsadaan heerka "Sharciga Nambarada Alaabada Halbeegga Qaybaha Baabuurka" (QC/T 326-2013) si ay u habeeyaan qeexitaannada lambarrada qaybaha halbeegga ganacsiga, nuxurkuna waa isku mid inkasta oo ay kala duwan yihiin.

Qaybaha caadiga ah ee baabuurta tirooyinka guud ahaan waxay ka kooban yihiin 7 qaybood, siday u kala horreeyaan:

- Qaybta 1: Koodhka qaybaha caadiga ah ee baabuurta;
- Qaybta 2: Koodhka kala duwan;
- Qaybta 3: Beddel koodka (ikhtiyaar);
- Qaybta 4: Koodhka qeexida cabbirka;
- Qaybta 5: Waxqabadka makaanikada ama koodka agabka;
- Qaybta 6: Koodhka daaweynta dusha sare;
- Qaybta 7: Koodhka kala soocida (ikhtiyaar).

Tusaale: Q150B1250TF61 waxay matalaysaa boodhka madaxa ee lix geesoodka ah oo leh sifaynta dunta M12, dhererka boodhka ah ee 50mm, darajada waxqabadka 10.9, iyo dahaadhka zinc-ka ee aan elektrolytic-ka ahayn (silver-caw). Habka matalaadda waa sida soo socota:

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